This error usually means the request is being rejected before the workflow can complete, because one or more HTTP headers are too large. In my experience, this is often caused by very large cookies, auth headers, or proxy/ingress headers rather than the workflow logic itself.
If this is happening on a webhook, I’d also check whether there is a reverse proxy in front of n8n, since Nginx, Traefik, and similar setups can return 431 when header size limits are exceeded.
Could you please share ideally the workflow JSON or a minimal repro?
Hey, can you share some more details? Like what node is throwing the 431 error, what version of n8n you’re on and maybe a screenshot of the workflow — hard to troubleshoot without seeing whats going on.